Gary Becker, recipient of the 1992 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, is the University Professor of Economics and Sociology at the University of Chicago. He is also a professor at the university's Booth School of Business and the Rose-Marie and Jack R. Anderson Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institute. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007, the National Medal of Science in 2000, the John Bates Clark Medal of the American Economic Association in 1967 and many other awards. The author of numerous books and professional articles, Becker was a featured monthly columnist for BusinessWeek for almost 20 years. He is recognized for his expertise in human capital, economic incentives, economics of the family, and economic analysis of crime, discrimination and population. Becker taught at Columbia University for 12 years before returning to the University of Chicago, where he earned his Ph.D.